Amanita variicolor - Amanitaceae.org - Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella

name

Amanita variicolor

author

Lamouruex ex Lamoureux in Lambert et al. (2018) MycoKeys 38: 52, fig. 2.
Lamoureux nom. prov. 2006. Champignons du Québec 2: 50, figs. 15-16.

name status

nomen acceptum

english name

"Piebald Ringless Amanita"

MycoBank nos.

827344

GenBank nos.

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accession	locus	voucher	source
MG734657	nrITS	17.viii.2008 H. Lambert (paratype, HL0257)	J.-M. Moncalvo et al., Royal Ontario Museum, Ottawa
MG734655	nrITS	11.x.2007 M. Diduch & B. Dentinger (paratype, TRTC156902)	J.-M. Moncalvo et al., Royal Ontario Museum, Ottawa
MG734656	nrITS	19.viii.2003 Y. Lamoureux 3787 (holotype, CMMF003787)	J.-M. Moncalvo et al., Royal Ontario Museum, Ottawa
KP711844	nrITS	19.viii.2003 Y. Lamoureux 3463 (paratype, CMMF003463; paratype, RET 521-4)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ

intro

Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain.

The following material not from the protolog of the present species or from (Lamoureux 2006) is based on the notes and photographs of collectors and original research of RET.

pileus

protolog: 40 – 100 mm wide, olive-yellow, straw-yellow, bronze, olive brownish to brown-black, then tinged with olive or orange-yellow towards margin, at times darker in the center and over inner ends of marginal striations, ovoid to rounded conic at first, then planar with an umbo, smooth; context not described; margin striate (0.15 - 0.35R), nonappendiculate; universal veil often as small to large grey or orange-grey flakes, detersile. [Note: Text supplemented from illustrations.—ed.]

Lamoureux (2006): 40 - 100 mm wide, rounded conic at first, then plano-convex, with umbo, with margin white at first, otherwise having irregular blotches of varied pigmentation (olive-yellow, with or without orange tint away from the center and, often darker to fuscous (predominantly toward the center); context whitish; margin striate; universal veil occasionally absent, otherwie in irregular warts and small patches, white at first becoming gray with age, felted-submembranous, friable, subdetersile.

RET: ca. 65 mm wide, with pigment irregularly distributed in ill-defined blotches (white near margin, light orangish tan, olivaceous (or grayish yellow) tan, with darker brown near disc), campanulate at first; context whitish, unchanging, ca. 4 mm thick over stipe, thinning for ?? of radius, as membrane at margin; margin nonappendiculate, striate (0.15 - 0.25R) in young material), slightly incurved at first; universal veil in irregular patches irregularly disposed near disc, sometimes confluent, submembranous-felted, pallid at first, becoming gray.

peridium

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lamellae

protolog: free, subcrowded, whitish to greyish or with salmon tint; lamellulae not described.

Lamoureux (2006): white, grayish, or with a salmon tint.

RET: free with decurrent line on upper stipe, subcrowded, orangish white or pinkish white in mass, off-white in side view, 3 mm broad (young material); lamellulae subtruncate, unevenly distributed, of diverse lengths, plentiful. [Note: The lamellae often become gray or grayish in age in those taxa of the Vaginatae having a graying, submembranous-felted-friable universal veil.—ed.]

stipe

protolog: 100 - 200 × 8 - 17 mm, flocculose and white at first, typically covered by chevron-forming rusty-orange fibrils on whitish background when mature, cylindric; context white, unchanging when cut or bruised; exannulate; universal veil friable, palce ochre to gray to grayish orange to orange-grey to reddish rusty, often in one or several strips or patches near stipe base. [Note: Text supplemented based on images.—ed.]

Lamoureux (2006): 100 - 200 × 8 - 17 mm, decorated with fibrils in "flame" pattern (gray-brown, brown-olive, or with orange tint; context whitish; exannulate; universal veil as basal cup (often orange-tan with age) and as ring of submembranous-felted-friable fragments, above the stem base, gray gaining orangish tint.

RET: 100 × 11 mm, white, narrowing upward, not flaring at apex (young material), with dense covering of raised white fibrils (young material) becoming slightly orange-brown when touched or on exposure, becoming darker brown with time; context white, unchanging, hollow, with central cylinder ca. 7 mm wide; exannulate; universal veil as cupulate base, with appressed patches on lower stipe, white at first, becoming orangish tan at stipe base, with highest point on patch ca. 22 - 25 mm from stipe base, ca. 1.5 mm thick, somewhat flexible at first, soon submembranous-felted-friable.

odor/taste

protolog: Odor not distinctive. Taste not recorded.

Lamoureux (2006): Odor indistinct. Taste not recorded.

RET: Odor lacking. Taste not recorded.

macrochemical
tests

none recorded.

pileipellis

protolog: Suprapellis gelatinized; hyphae 2.5 - 6.0 μm wide, radially orientated. Subpellis, ungelatinized; filamentous hyphae 4 - 12 μm wide; inflated cells cylindrical to fusiform, 50 - 100 × 13 - 24 μm, often in chains; vascular hyphae 7 - 10 μm wide occasional. [Note: The inclusion of inflated cells is unusual for a pileipellis in section Vaginatae. These could be inlated segments of hyphae or could be part of a transitional zone below the pileipellis proper. The description should be reviewed.—ed.]

pileus context

protolog: filamentous hyphae (4-) 5 - 12 μm wide, more or less branching, with some inflated intercalary cells; acrophysalide subfusiform to fusiform 40 – 110 × 10 – 33 μm often in chains; vascular hyphae 7 - 10 (-12) μm wide, sometimes inflated, rarely branching. [Note: Vascular hyphae are rarely inflated. For one thing they have no septa; so there are not intercalary cells. They do spring leaks or break; and the material exuded is difficult to differentiate from the rest of the hypha.—ed.]

lamella trama

protolog: bilateral; filamentous hyphae 2 - 6 μm wide, hyaline, thin-walled; inflatecd cells cylindro-clavate to clavate to fusiform to subfusiform, abundant, 28 - 40 (-55) × 13 - 20 μm; vascular hyphae rare.

RET: ??; vascular hyphae 3.6 - 5.7 μm wide.

subhymenium

protolog: inflated cells irregular to globose to subglobose 11 - 20 (-25) × (6-) 10 - 15 μm.

RET: pseudoparenchymatic (cellular); ??.

basidia

protolog: 48 – 65 × 14 – 19 μm, clavate, 4-sterigmate, with sterigmata up to 8.5 μm long; clamps absent.

RET: 48 - 58 × 13.8 - 16.0 μm, 4-sterigmate, with sterigmata up to 5.8 × 4.2 μm; clamps not observed.

universal veil

protolog: filamentous hyphae 4.5 – 7.5 μm wide; inflated cells 25 - 60 μm wide, singly terminal or in chains, subglobose to globose; vascular hyphae rare to absent.

stipe context

protolog: filamentous hyphae 4 - 13 μm wide away from surface, 3 - 5 (-6) μm wide near or at surface; acrophysalides 150 - 350 × 20 - 35 μm and in chains [?sic] away from surface, 50 - 90 (-120) × (12-) 16 - 23 μm and with reddish brown intracellular pigment near or at surface; vascular hyphae, occasional, 7 - 10 μm wide. [Note: Acrophysalides in Amanita are singly terminal on filamentous hyphae except in a very few species—predominantly the amycorrhizal species of sect. Vittadiniae.—ed.]

RET: longitudinally acrophysalidic.

partial veil

absent.

lamella edge tissue

protolog: not described.

RET: sterile.

basidiospores

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protolog: [180/3/3] (8.2-) 9.8 – 11.5 (-13.3) × (7.1-) 8.8 – 10.7 (-12.2) μm, (Q= 1.0 – 1.20 (-1.30); Q' = 1.09), hyaline, smooth, inamyloid, cyanophilous, globose to subglobose; apiculus not described; contents monoguttulate; color in deposit not recorded.

Lamoureux (2006): 8.5 - 12.0 × 8.0 - 11.5 μm.

composite of all data from material revised by RET: [60/2/2] (7.2-) 9.5 - 11.4 (-13.5) × (6.5-) 8.5 - 10.7 (-13.5) μm, (L = 10.4 μm; L' = 10.4 μm; W = 9.4 - 9.8 μm;W' = 9.7 μm; Q = 1.03 - 1.14 (-1.15); Q = 1.07 - 1.10; Q' = 1.08), hyaline, colorless, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid, globose to subglobose, often adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral, cylindric; contents mono- to multiguttulate with additional small granules; white in deposit.

ecology

protolog: Usually solitary, sometimes scattered to gregarious, in stands of conifers (Abies, Picea, Pinus, Tsuga) mixed with Betula, on sub-hydric to mesic soil, never seen in plantations.

Lamoureux (2006): Common. In Abies forest including Betula. July to September.

RET: Maine: Solitary. At ca. 65 m elev. In dark loam over sandy-rocky soil in mossy forest dominated by Picea glauca and including Betula sp., Acer rubrum, Vaccinium sp., Cornus canadensis, and Medeola virginiana.

material examined

protolog: CANADA: ONTARIO—Algonquin Provincial Park, 1.x.2007 M. Didukh and B. Dentinger (paratype, TRTC156902, Genbank MG734655). QUÉBEC—Lac-Beauport, Chemin de la Chapelle, 22.viii.2010 H. Lambert (HL0852). Matawinie Region. Co. Mun. - Rawdon, 9.viii.2003 Yves Lamoureux 3787 (holotype, CMMF003787, GenBank MG734656), Québec, Base de plein air La Découverte, 15. iii.2010 H. Lambert (paratype, HL0846). Sacré-Soeur-sur-le Fjord, Rivière Sainte-Marguerite, fosses 3, 4, 5, 17.viii.2008 H. Lambert (paratype, HL0257, Genbank MG734657). Sacré-Soeur-sur-le Fjord, Parc Saguenay, 2015 H. Lambert (paratype, HL051).

RET: CANADA: QUÉBEC—Matawinie Region. Co. Mun. - Rawdon, 9.viii.2003 Yves Lamoureux 3787 (holotype, CMMF003787; isotype RET 521-8), 19.viii.2003 Y. Lamoureux 3463 (CMMF; RET 521-4, nrITS seq'd.). U.S.A.: MAINE—Washington Co. - Steuben, Eagle Hill Inst., ca. lodge [44°27.573' N/ 67°55.914' W, 67 m], 26.viii.2014 Zaac Chavez s.n. [Tulloss 8-26-14-G] (RET 635-5).

discussion

A submembranous to friable volva that turns gray on exposure and aging places A. variicolor in a group of taxa near A. rhacopus in section Vaginatae. A third species from Quebec is known for this group—A. sp-QUE03.

While species with globose to subglobose spores can be difficult to compare by means of sporographs, such a comparison of the three named species is offered here:

The multi-colored pileus with colors altering as the basidiome matures is reminiscent of the pileus of A. xanthomitra; however, the coloration in the latter species is associated with distinct, ring-like zones, rather than the colors in vaguely bordered areas giving the blotchy appearance of the present taxon.

citations

Translation of (Lamoureux 2006) from French by RET, who is responsible for any errors.—R. E. Tulloss and Y. Lamoureux

editors

RET

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Spore data for collections
provisionally identified as: Amanita variicolor Lamouruex ex Lamoureux in Lambert et al.

Spore data sets and their composite

Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.

basidiospore definition

Spore Measurements by Collection

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