name | Amanita praeclara |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | (Pearson) Bas |
english name | "Playing Field Lepidella" |
images | |
cap |
The cap of A. praeclara is 50 - 160 mm wide, thick-fleshed, globose to plano-convex, sometimes slightly depressed at the center, white, staining pale yellow, appendiculate, with a nonsulcate margin. The cap is minutely felted-fibrillose to fibrillose-squamulose, with white, lanose-floccose covering when young, with age glabrescent or with some poorly delimited, felted to subverrucose patches over the center. |
gills |
The gills are crowded to subdistant, adnexed to free, thin, rather broad, straight or ventricose, white to cream, and staining pale yellow. |
stem |
The stem is 70 - 130 × 1 - 20 mm, equal, solid, firm, white, and glabrous. |
spores |
The spores measure 8 - 9.5 (-10) × 8 - 9 (-10) µm and are amyloid and globose. Clamps are not found at bases of basidia. |
discussion |
Amanita praeclara was originally described in the genus Lepiota from Cape Province, South Africa where it occurs in fields and lawns—apparently without a woody plant symbiont. Bas placed A. praeclara in his stirps Thiersii. See A. thiersii Bas for discussion of the species now included in this stirps.—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita praeclara | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
author | Bas. 1969. Persoonia 5: 380, figs. 81-83. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
name status | nomen acceptum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
english name | "Playing Field Lepidella" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
synonyms |
≡Lepiota praeclara Pearson. 1950. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 33: 288, pl. 14. The editors of this site owe a great debt to Dr. Cornelis Bas whose famous cigar box files of Amanita nomenclatural information gathered over three or more decades were made available to RET for computerization and make up the lion's share of the nomenclatural information presented on this site. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 308580, 299494 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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lectotypes | K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lectotypifications | Bas. 1969. Persoonia 5: 380. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
revisions | Reid and Eicker. 1991. Mycol. Res. 95: 90, figs. 28-30. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each
data field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. The following material is predominantly taken from the revision of the species by Bas (1969). Bas (1969): Basidiome: medium-sized to very large. [Note: Reid and Eicker data should be added.] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileus | Bas (1969): 50 - 160 mm wide, white, staining pale yellow, globose to plano-convex, sometimes with slight central depression; context thick, white with yellow spots; margin nonstriate, appendiculate; universal veil white, staining pale yellow, as minutely felted-fibrillose to fibrillose-squamulose to lanose-floccose covering when young, with age detersile or as poorly delimited felted to subverrucose patches over disc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamellae | Bas (1969): adnexed to free, crowded to subdistant, white to cream, staining pale yellow, thin, 10 - 20 mm broad, straight to ventricose, with entire edge; lamellulae not recorded. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
stipe | Bas (1969): 70 - 130 × 10(?) - 20 mm [note: length includes that of bulb—ed.], cylindric, below partial veil lanose-fibrillose at first, then glabrous; bulb subclavate to rounded, up to 40 mm wide; context solid(?) to stuffed to hollow(?), else as in pileus; partial veil apical, pendent, broad, membranous, with ragged free edge, white; universal veil lanose-fibrillose, detersile. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
odor/taste | Bas (1969): Odor indistinct. Taste nutty, then unpleasant. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
macrochemical tests |
none recorded. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileipellis | Bas (1969): not gelatinized; "very difficult to locate, merely a somewhat denser layer of repent, interwoven to subradial hyphae 4 - 14 μm wide between trama of cap and volva." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileus context | not described. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamella trama | Bas (1969): bilateral; "probably without terminal inflated elements." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
subhymenium | Bas (1969): "cellular." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidia |
Bas (1969):
40 - 50 × 12 - 14 μm, 4-sterigmate;
clamps not observed. RET: 36 - 43 × 8.1 - 11.0 μm, dominantly 4-, occasionally 2-sterigmate, with sterigmata up to 9.5 × 2.5 μm; clamps not observed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
universal veil |
Bas (1969):
On pileus: filamentous hyphae scattered, up to
12 μm wide; inflated cells subcylindric to
elongate-fusiform to slenderly clavate, 80 - 180 ×
10 - 30 μm, in abundant terminal chains.
On stipe: not recorded. RET: On pileus: no yellow-walled elements observed; filamentous undifferentiated hyphae 1.6 - 8.5 μm wide, branching, anastomosing; inflated cells up to 187 × 29 μm in terminal chains, with chains occasionally ending in a group of cells arising in cluster from subterminal cell; vascular hyphae not oberved; clamps rare or absent, none seen on septa of uninflated hyphae. On stipe: not recorded. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
stipe context | Bas (1969): longitudinally acrophysalidic; filamentous hyphae rather abundant, 3 - 10 μm wide; acrophysalides abundant, clavate, 100 - 300 × 25 - 55 μm; clamps not observed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
partial veil | not described. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamella edge tissue | Bas (1969): "not found." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidiospores |
Bas (1969):
[20/1/1] 8.0 - 9.5 (-10.0) ×
8.0 - 9.0 (-10.0) μm, (Q = 1.0 - 1.05),
hyaline, colorless, with slightly thickened wall,
amyloid,
globose; apiculus rather strongly projecting;
content guttulate or translucent; white in
deposit. RET: [20/1/1] 7.9 - 9.4 (-11.6) × (7.3-) 7.5 - 8.8 (-11.0) μm, (L = 8.7 μm; L' = 8.7 μm; W = 8.3 μm; W' = 8.3 μm; Q = (1.0-) 1.01 - 1.08 (-1.09); Q = 1.05; Q' = 1.05), ??, smooth, amyloid, globose to subglobose, often adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral, truncate-pyramidal to cylindric; contents dominantly monoguttulate; color in deposit not recorded. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ecology |
Bas (1969):
In fields and on lawns, growing in rings. RET: In grass. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
material examined |
Bas (1969):
SOUTH AFRICA: WESTERN CAPE
PROV.—Cape
Town Metropolitan Municipality - Simonstown, 22.iv.1948 A. A.
Pearson 10 (lectotype, K). EASTERN
CAPE PROV—Sarah Baartman Distr. -
Blue Crane Route Municipality, Somerset East,
RET: SOUTH AFRICA: EASTERN CAPE PROV.—Sara Baartman Distr. - Makana Municipality, Grahamstown, Makana Botanical Gardens, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
discussion |
Bas (1969):
"Amanita praeclara is a
medium-sized to very large, thickset, white,
flavescent species from South Africa. It
resembles
the species of stirps Nauseosa because of the
concentration of the (rather slight!)
lanose-fibrillose volval remnants on the stem just
below the ring. But clamps are absent, so that
it is placed here in the same stirps as A.
thiersii and A. aureofloccosa in which
clamps are also lacking and which have the same
small, globose spores, but in which the remnants of
the volva are scattered
over the whole lower part of the stem. "This decision is also justified by the fact that the next species, A. foetens, is somewhat intermediate between A. praeclara on the one side and A. thiersii and A. aureofloccosa on the other. Amanita foetens has more or less the same habit as A. praeclara, but the remnants of its volva are scattered over the whole lower part of the stem, as in A. thiersii and A. aureofloccosa. "Amanita praeclara has been found growing in rings on football fields and is therefore almost certainly non-mycorrhizal." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Information to support the viewer in reading the content of "technical" tabs can be found here.
name | Amanita praeclara |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | (Pearson) Bas |
english name | "Playing Field Lepidella" |
images | |
photo |
Liz Popich - (1-2) Elardus Park, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa (RET 726-7) [Note: Untrimmed and unedited images may be found at mushroomobserver.org/315083] (3-5) Gauteng, South Africa (RET 685-5) [Note: Untrimmed and unedited images may be found at mushroomobserver.org/315083] |
drawing | Dr. Cornelis Bas - (1969) (6) South Africa, (reproduced by courtesy of Persoonia, Leiden, the Netherlands). |
name | Amanita praeclara |
bottom links |
[ Keys & Checklists ] |
name | Amanita praeclara |
bottom links |
[ Keys & Checklists ] |
Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.