Amanita olivaceogrisea - Amanitaceae.org - Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella

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name	Amanita olivaceogrisea
name status	nomen acceptum
author	Kalaméés
english name	"Olive-Gray Ringless Amanita"
images	1. Amanita olivaceogrisea, identified in the field by its author, Estonia. 2. Amanita olivaceogrisea, albino specimen, Zuid Holland,Netherlands. 3. Amanita olivaceogrisea, albino specimen, Zuid Holland, Netherlands.
cap	Amanita olivaceogrisea has a cap 30 - 60 mm wide, olive-gray to ochraceous gray to brown-gray, with a sulcate margin and, sometimes, with large warts that are persistent, cottony white at first, but become gray to ochraceous gray.
gills	The gills are free, crowded, and white.
stem	The stem is 50 - 90 × 5 - 10 mm, exannulate, white, and often decorated with dense gray to olive-gray fibrils. The submembranous volva of this species is saccate at first, but may break up into large patches distributed on the lower part of the stipe. The volva has a tendency to become gray from the upper edge down.
spores	The spores measure (8.5-) 9.2 - 13.2 (-16.6) × (8.1-) 8.4 - 12.1 (-15.0) µm and are globose to subglobose to broadly ellipsoid and inamyloid. Clamps are not observed at bases of basidia.
discussion	Amanita olivaceogrisea appears to be limited to wet soils in association with alder or hazel. Amanita olivaceogrisea is known from England, Estonia, France, Latvia, Sweden, and probably will be found in Norway. Among species somewhat similar in habit and color are A. submembranacea (Bon) Gröger of Europe and A. sinicoflava Tulloss of North America.—R. E. Tulloss
brief editors	RET

name

Amanita olivaceogrisea

author

Kalaméés in Urbonas, Kalaméés & Lukin. 1986. Conspect. Fl. Agaric. Fung. Lithuaniae Latviae Estoniae: 45.

name status

nomen acceptum

english name

"Olive-Gray Ringless Amanita"

etymology

olivaceus "olive" or "olivaceous" + griseus "gray"; hence, "olivaceous gray" or "olive-gray"

MycoBank nos.

131597

GenBank nos.

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accession	locus	voucher	source
MW526936	nrITS-LSU	20.viii.2017 Tatiana Bulyonkova 4089 (RET 877-2)	S.D. Russell, Marion, IN
KT317714	nrITS	29.viii.1999 Caroline Hobart s.n. (RET 311-9)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU248123	nrITS	17.x.2010 R. K. Schumacher s.n. (RET 523-8)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU867877	nrLSU	20.x.2011 R. K. Schumacher s.n. (RET 523-2)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU248122	nrITS	18.ix.2010 René K. Schumacher s.n. (RET 522-5)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
MT073014	nrITS-LSU	18.ix.1992 A. Gminder 95[92?]/446 (RET 306-6)	S. D. Russell et al., Purdue Univ.
KU867878	nrITS	20.x.2011 R. K. Schumacher s.n. (RET 523-2)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
MT073013	nrITS	25.vii.1998 Andreas Gminder 98/160 (RET 306-3)	S. D. Russell et al., Purdue Univ.

holotypes

TAA

type studies

Tulloss, here

selected illustrations

Tulloss. 2001. Field Mycol. 2(3): 99.

intro

The following text may make multiple use of each data field.

The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material.

The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate.

Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain.

The following uses macroscopic information from this species' protolog and data recorded in the notes of Dr. C. Bas on his number 9208, which he generously gave to me with duplicate material of that collection and, otherwise, is based upon original research by R. E. Tulloss. The reader is referred to a brief, illustrated article presenting a condensed view of the present species as known in 2001.

pileus

30 - 60 mm wide, olive-gray to ochraceous gray to brown-gray, convex then plane, not very viscid; context not described; margin sulcate; universal veil as large warts, white at first, becoming gray to ochraceous gray, persistent, cottony.

From Dr. Bas' notes on Bas 9208: 34 - 42 mm wide, when young olivaceous-ochraceous or slightly sordid ochraceous-olivaceous (10YR 7/4 to between 10YR 6/4 and 10YR 6/6), darker over disc than at margin, not zonate, gradually becoming more uniformly olivaceous beige to beige (10YR 7/4 or slightly darker—especially over disc), rather viscid, sometimes very slightly virgate, paraboloid at first, with obtuse apex or even slight umbo, soon flattening and then becoming saucer-shaped and with small umbo; context not described; margin finely sulcate (0.35^±: at first to 0.5^±); universal veil often absent, occasionally present as group of interconnected warts, very pale beige, with slight ochraceous-tinted surface.

lamellae

free, crowded, white then off-white, having a crenulate flocculose edge; lamellulae not described.

From Dr. Bas' notes on Bas 9208: free, distant, crowded, white to creamy white, with slightly irregular edge (10× lens) mostly concolorous, but sometimes somewhat yellowish beige near pileus margin, ca. 10 to 11 lamellae per 10 mm arc counted at mid-radius; lamelluae truncate, scarce.

stipe

50 - 90 × 5 - 10 mm, white, with minute densely set gray to olive-gray squamules, dry, with ferruginous spots or stains near base, with 1 to 3 white ring-like zones or ridges in lower third; context white, hollow; exannulate; universal veil as saccate volva, submembranous, whitish, without gray or ocher in holotype, but with gray edge to limb in other original material, often with separated large patches on lower stipe, colors as on pileus.

From Dr. Bas' notes on Bas 9208: 64 - 92 × 4.5 - 7.5 mm, narrowing upward, at first white to whitish and then decorated with white appressed longitudinally arrayed fibrils, with aging ground becoming cream-isabelline and ornamentation becoming pale grayish-brownish or ochraceous grayish-brownish; context white, hollow, with broad central cylinder; exannulate; universal veil as quickly fragmenting (originally saccate) submembranous volva, with patches often appressed or loosely distributed over lower stipe, white to slightly grayish beige, with felted to subtomentose [exterior] surface, often bearing some warty brown spots.

odor/taste

Odor none. Taste indistinct.

From Dr. Bas' notes on Bas 9208: Odor and taste indistinct.

macrochemical
tests

none reported.

non-type: none reported.

pileipellis

90 - 105 µm thick, with colorless and largely gelatinized suprapellis negligible to 10 µm thick, with subpellis 90 - 105 µm thick and pale brownish yellow in upper and lowest parts and yellow-brown to orange-yellow in mid-region; filamentous, undifferentiated hyphae 3.0 - 6.2 µm wide, ?; vascular hyphae ? µm wide, ?.

pileus context

filamentous, undifferentiated hyphae 2.6 - 10.2 µm wide, branching, plentiful to dominating, in fascicles or singly, interwoven in open lattice; acrophysalides narrowly clavate to fusiform to ??, thin-walled, common, up to 78 × 27 µm or larger; vascular hyphae 2.9 - 8.4 µm wide, sometimes branching, sordid yellow, occasional, sinuous.

lamella trama

non-type: subhymenial base lacking; central stratum comprising sole structure between minmal subhymenia and opposing bases of basidia; w_cs = 50^- - 55 μm;

subhymenium

non-type: very shallow, with basidia arising from uninflated or partially inflated, sometimes branching, hyphal segments.

basidia

46 - 59 × 10.9 - 15.1 µm, occasionally golden yellow in 3% KOH, dominantly 4-, occasionally 2-sterigmate, with sterigmata up to 6.5 × 3.7 µm; clamps ??.

non-type: up to 53 × 16.2 μm.

universal veil

non-type: On stipe base, interior: filamentous undifferentiated hyphae 2.8 - 11.6 μm wide, hyaline colorless, common, thin-walled, frequently branching, sometimes anastomosing, occasionally in narrow fascicles, infrequently with yellowish subrefractive walls; inflated cells dominating, hyaline, colorless or slightly sordid, terminal, singly or in chains of up to three, globose to subglobose to subpyriform to ellipsoid (up to 69 × 57 μm or larger) to fusiform to clavate to subcylindric (e.g., 76 × 30 μm ) especially at base of chain of cells, with cell walls thin or (rather commonly) up to 1.0 μm thick; vascular hyphae not observed.

stipe context

longitudinally acrophysalidic; filamentous, undifferentiated hyphae 1.9 - 11.0 µm wide, branching, dominating near surfaces, plentiful in interior, thin-walled; acrophysalides plentiful to dominating in interior, less common near surfaces, thin-walled, up to 205 × 34 µm; vascular hyphae 3.7 - 7.4 µm wide, uncommon, occasionally branching, sordid yellow.

partial veil

absent.

non-type: absent.

lamella edge tissue

not described.

non-type: not described.

basidiospores

send to graphing tool

[31/2/1] (8.6-) 10.2 - 14.5 (-16.6) × (8.1-) 8.5 - 14.0 (-15.0) µm, (L = 10.8 - 12.2 µm; L’ = 11.7 µm; W = 9.8 - 11.2 µm; W’ = 10.7 µm; Q = (1.03-) 1.04 - 1.14 (-1.27); Q = 1.09 - 1.11; Q’ = 1.10), hyaline, colorless to yellowish, thin-walled, smooth, inamyloid, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, occasionally globose, at least somewhat adaxially flattened, occasionally as "giant" spores; apiculus sublateral, cylindric, somewhat projecting; contents dominantly monoguttulate, also granular; color in deposit not recorded.

composite of all material examined: [126/6/5] (8.5-) 9.2 - 13.2 (-16.6) × (8.1-) 8.4 - 12.1 (-15.0) µm, (L = 10.1 - 12.2 µm; L’ = 10.9 µm; W = 9.1 - 11.2 µm; W’ = 9.9 µm; Q = (1.02-) 1.04 - 1.20 (-1.27); Q = 1.09 - 1.11; Q’ = 1.10).

ecology

Estonia: In marshy Pinus-Betula forest. Latvia: In marshy mixed forest.

non-type: Estonia: In moist, blackish loam of forest including Fraxinus, Populus, Betula, and Picea. England, U.K.: Solitary to subgregarious. On soil under Corylus avellana. Poland: At 970-1450 m elev. In acid soil of montane Spruce-Fir forest under Picea abies and Abies alba or in sandy acid soil of montane conifer forest at treeline under Picea abies.

material examined

ESTONIA: PÄRNU DISTR.—Reservatum Nigula [Nigula Bog St. Natural Res.], Kaubaaru, 19.ix.1982 K. Kalamees 122517 (holotype, TAA). LATVIA: TALSI DISTR.—Reservatum Slitense, Ushi, 23.ix.1982 K. Kalamees 122589 (uncited orig. mat’l., TAA).

RET: ESTONIA: PÄRNU DISTR.—Reservatum Nigula, Kaubaaru, 27.viii.1989 C. Bas 9208 (topotype) (in herb. David T. Jenkins, n.v.; L, n.v.; RET 024-2). FRANCE: AIN—Arfontaine, ca. Oyonnax, 22.ix.1980 L. Bas s.n. [Bon 80092206] (in herb. M. Bon => LIP, specimen "B" in mixed collection including lectotype of A. malleata per Tulloss (1994)). GERMANY: UNKN. STATE—loc. withheld, 18.ix.2010 René K. Schumacher s.n. (RET 522-5, nrITS seq'd.), 17.x.2010 R. K. Schumacher s.n. (RET 523-8, nrITS seq'd.), 20.x.2011 R. K. Schumacher s.n. (RET 523-2, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). NETHERLANDS: ZUID HOLLAND—Geldermalsen, Neerijnen, 2.xi.2019 Cees Kemper s.n. (RET 884-10, nrITS-LSU seq'd.). POLAND: WOJEWÓDZTWO MALOPOLSKIE—Tatra County - Hohe Tatra, Zakopane, "Siwa Polana" [970 m], 25.vii.1998 Andreas Gminder 98/160 (in herb. A. Gminder; RET 306-3, nrITS seq'd.), trail to Trzedniowanski Wierch [1450 m] 18.ix.1992 A. Gminder 95[92?]/446 (in herb. A. Gminder; RET 306-6, nrITS-LSU seq'd.). RUSSIA: NOVOSIBIRSK REG.—Riddir Distr. - Salair, 20.viii.2017 Tatiana Bulyonkova 4089 (in herb. Bulyonkova; RET 877-2, nrITS-LSU seq'd.). U.K.: ENGLAND—Cumbria - Blencathra, Aira Force, 29.viii.1999 Caroline Hobart s.n. (RET 311-9, nrITS seq'd.).

discussion

t.b.d.

As reported by Fraiture (1993), I believe that the nonconformant specimen [called "specimen B" in (Tulloss 1994)] in the holotype of Amanita malleata (Bon) Contu can be placed in A. olivaceogrisea.

In one of the specimens of the holotype, every mature spore examined had the central guttule connected to the inner surface of the spore wall by straight filaments—suggesting rather closely spaced spokes of a wheel in optical cross-section. The points of attachment of these filaments were estimated to be in the range of 0.1 - 0.3 µm across. This phenomenon is to be distinguished from the altered wall structure of crassospores as discussed by Tulloss & Halling (1997) who saw a very similar abnormal structure in many spores of a collection of A. umbrinolutea sensu Reid, from K. I have not seen this structure in any collection of Amanita other than the two mentioned here.

citations

—R. E. Tulloss

editors

RET

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Spore data for collections
provisionally identified as: Amanita olivaceogrisea Kalaméés

Spore data sets and their composite

Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.

basidiospore definition

Spore Measurements by Collection

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