name | Amanita erythrocephala |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | Neville, Poumarat & Aste |
english name | "Red-Headed Yellow Dust Amanita" |
images | |
intro | The following is based on the original description of A. erytrhocephala and the revision in (Neville and Poumarat 2004). |
cap | The cap of Amanita erythrocephala is 10 - 80 mm wide, conico-convex, eventually planar, with a smooth, yellow margin, very shortly striate only in age. The color of the cap varies from red-orange to orange-reddish, most intense in the center. The cap is finely virgate with fine, red, innate fibrils on a yellowish background (requires hand lens). The volval remnants are, if present, scattered, grayish-cream colored flocci; when warts are present initially white or grayish becoming more grayish cream and finally a dirty gray with brownish tone in age. The flesh is generally white but colored like the cap skin, just below the cap skin. |
gills | The gills are whitish, tinted yellowish, free, thin. Short gills are present, but not otherwise described. |
stem | The stem is approximately 20 - 120 × 3 - 15 mm, smooth, thin, more or less sinuous, subcylindric near the top, narrowing upward, becoming hollow rather rapidly, initially with a orange-yellow area above the ring on an orange background (this layer of color can persist on the whole surface or can be missing in spots, the yellow tint tends to decrease with age), and yellow then yellowish-cream. The basal bulb is submarginate, up to 25 mm wide. The ring is superior, membranous, fragile, and often can be lost, white in the "button" but it develops an orange yellow tint so the upper part of the stem can take on a silky appearance with broken zones of the original yellow. On the base of the stem, above the bulb, the volva can take the form of a limb-like patch or a very small, fragile plaques. These remains are probably entirely yellowish orange on the outside becoming white on exposure to sunlight, but yellow on the inside, in age, darken like the volva on the cap. In general, the remains of the volva are easily lost. |
odor/taste | The odor is weak; the taste is sweet. |
spores | The spores measure 6 - 8 (-10) × 5 - 5.6 (-9) µm and are broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, infrequently elongate and amyloid. Clamps are absent at bases of basidia. |
discussion |
Originally described from Italy, and still known only from or near the original site, associated with chestnut, pine, and oak. Neville et al. (Neville & Poumarat 2004) currently believe that the taxon may well be the same as a reddish-capped variant of A. flavoconia G. F. Atk. previously known from the United States under the herbarium code name Amanita sp-MD01 mentioned in (Tulloss 1998b). I concur with their position in this regard.—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita erythrocephala | ||||||||
author | Neville, Poumarat & Aste. 2000. Boll. Gruppo Micol. G. Bresadola 43(2): 135. | ||||||||
name status | nomen acceptum | ||||||||
english name | "Red-Headed Yellow Dust Amanita" | ||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 467414 | ||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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holotypes | in herb. S. Poumarat | ||||||||
revisions | Neville, Poumarat and Aste. 2003. Bull. Semestriel Féd. Assoc. Mycol. Medit., Sér. Nouv. 23: 33-42. [partial] | ||||||||
intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. The following material is derived from the protolog of the present species and from (Neville and Poumarat 2004). | ||||||||
basidiospores | Neville and Poumarat (2004): [80/-/-] 6 - 8 (-10) × 5 - 5.5 (-9) μm, (L' = 6.8 μm; W' = 5.3 μm; Q = 1.18 - 1.50 (1.60); Q = 1.22 - 1.33; Q' = 1.29), hyaline, smooth, amyloid, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, with occasional giant spore present; apiculus well-defined; contents not described; white in deposit. | ||||||||
ecology | Neville and Poumarat (2004): At 200 - 300 m elev. In sandy soil of mixed forest with Castanea sativa and Pinus pinaster dominating and with scattered Quercus pubescens and Q. ilex or in sandy soil with C. sativa. | ||||||||
material examined | Neville and Poumarat (2004): ITALY: LIGURIA—Savona, Ciatti [300 m], 2.ix.1996 F. Aste s.n. (holotype, in herb. P. Neville 96.09.12.02 ==> in herb. S. Poumarat), 22.viii.2002 F. Aste 020823-01 (in herb. P. Neville 02.09.19.14 ==> in herb. S. Poumarat), 23.viii.2002 F. Aste 020823-01 (in herb. P. Neville 02,09.19.15 ==> in herb. S. Poumarat); Savona, Quiliano, Tecci [200 m], 20.viii.2002 F. Aste s.n. (in herb. P. Neville 02,09.19.16 ==> in herb. S. Poumarat). | ||||||||
discussion |
The authors of this species became convinced (2004) that this species probably includes a numbered North American taxon A. sp-MD01. A sporograph comparison of the spores of the present species with those of the North American numbered taxon is presented here. | ||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss | ||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||
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