name | Amanita friabilis |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | (Karst.) Bas |
english name | "Alder Ringless Amanita" |
images | |
intro |
The description that follows is based on the collecting notes with collections in the Netherlands National Herbarium in Leiden and from observations supplied by prof. Pierre-Arthur Moreau (Univ. Lille). |
cap |
The cap of A. friabilis is 28± (-70) mm wide, plano-convex, with a slightly depressed center, with a low umbo in the middle, brown, glabrous, thin-fleshed, with a sulcate-striate margin (25± - 30% of the radius). The volva is present as dry, pruinose, densely set, persistent gray to whitish warts. |
gills |
The gills are crowded, just reaching the stem apex, narrowly adnate, and pale buff to whitish. |
stem |
The stem is 48± (-140) × 6± mm, hollow, pallid, with brownish squamules in places. The volva is present as brownish, wartlike remnants with a narrow, appressed, adnate vaginate volva. |
spores |
The spores measure 10.1 - 12.1 × 8.5 - 9.8 (-10.8) µm and are inamyloid and subglobose to broadly ellipsoid (rarely ellipsoid, sometimes obovoid). Clamps are absent at bases of basidia. |
discussion |
This species has only been found in moist soils in
association with Alder (Alnus). It was
originally described from Finland and is widely
reported in Europe from west to east and, at least,
from Finland and Scandinavia to southern
France. For comparison, see Amanita basiana Tulloss & M. Traverso. A set of similar clampless species is listed under A. farinosa Schwein. within the range of Alder.—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita friabilis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
author | (P. Karst.) Bas. 1974. Bull. Soc. Linn. Lyon, No. Spéc., Trav. Déd. Kühner: 17. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
name status | nomen acceptum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
english name | "Alder Ringless Amanita" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
synonyms |
≡Amanitopsis vaginata subsp. friabilis P. Karst. 1879. Bidrag Kännedom Finlands Natur Folk 32: 547.
≡Amanitopsis friabilis (P. Karst.) Sacc. 1887. Syll. Fung. 5: 22.
≡Pseudofarinaceus friabilis (P. Karst.) Kuntze. 1891. Rev. Gen. Plant. 2: 868.
≡Vaginata friabilis (P. Karst.) Kuntze. 1898. Rev. Gen. Plant. 3(2): 539.
=Amanita alnicola Rouzeau & F. Massart in Rouzeau nom. inval. 1970 ["1967"]. Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 104 sér. (9): 4. [Lacking designation of holotype. ICBN §37.1] ≡Amanita alnicola Rouzeau & F. Massart nom. inval. 1966. Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 103(A3): 5. [?? ICBN §??]
=Amanita sternbergii Velen. 1920. České Houby 1: 192. ≡Amanita vaginata f. sternbergii (Velen.) Veselý. 1933. Ann. Mycol. 31(4): 296. ≡Amanitopsis sternbergii (Velen.) J. Favre nom. inval. 1960. Ergebn. Wiss. Unters. Schweiz. NatnParks 6 (Neue Folge): fig. 100. [Lacking full and direct reference to basionym. ICBN §33.2] ≡Amanitopsis vaginata var. sternbergii (Velen.) J. Favre. nom. inval. 1960. op. cit.: 566. [Lacking full and direct reference to basionym. ICBN §33.2] The editors of this site owe a great debt to Dr. Cornelis Bas whose famous cigar box files of Amanita nomenclatural information gathered over three or more decades were made available to RET for computerization and make up the lion's share of the nomenclatural information presented on this site. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 308552, 278854 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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holotypes | A. sternbergii—PRC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lectotypes | A. friabilis—H | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lectotypifications | A. friabilis—??Bas. 1974. op. cit.: 21. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
type studies | A. sternbergii—Bas. 1982. Persoonia 11: 441, fig. 4(b-b'). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
selected illustrations | Zecchin. 2000. Boll. Gruppo Micol. G. Bresadola 43(2): 164. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. The following material not directly from the protolog of the present taxon or the protolog of one of its taxonomic synonyms and not cited as the work of C. Bas or another researcher is based upon original research by R. E. Tulloss. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileus | protolog: universal veil covering pileus with sordid gray patches. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
stipe | protolog: universal veil soon breaking up into sordid gray patches. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
macrochemical tests |
none described. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidiospores |
Bas (1974): [180/17/10] (9.5-) 10 - 12.5 (-14.5) × (7-) 8 - 10 (-10.5) μm, (Q = (1.0-) 1.10 - 1.50 (-1.55); Q = 1.20 - 1.35), colorless, hyaline, inamyloid, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid to ellispoid, rarely globose; apiculus abrupt; contents mostly as single large guttule; white in deposit [per Rouzeau (1970: 3)]. Bas (1982) from holotype of A. sternbergii: [10/1/1] 10.2 - 12.1 × 8.5 - 9.8 (-10.8) μm, (Q 1.10 - 1.35; Q = 1.20), colorless, hyaline, thin-walled, inamyloid, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, rarely ellipsoid, sometimes obovoid; apiculus medium-sized, abrupt, subtruncate; contents not described; color in deposit not recorded. composite from all material revised by RET: [125/6/5] (8.4-) 9.5 - 12.8 (-17.8) × (6.6-) 7.4 - 9.9 (-11.5) μm, (L = 10.8 - 11.9 μm; L' = 11.2 μm; W = 7.9 - 9.0 μm; W' = 8.4 μm; Q = (1.06-) 1.13 - 1.62 (-1.89); Q = 1.23 - 1.43; Q' = 1.34), hyaline, colorless, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, infrequently elongate, sometimes swollen toward one end, predominantly adaxially flattened, rarely constricted, with "giant" spores sometimes present; apiculus sublateral, cylindric, often rather large proportionately; contents granular or dominantly monoguttulate with additional small granules; color in deposit not recorded. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ecology | Solitary to abundant. In Alnus bush or in moist Alnus thicket with some Betula and several taxa of Russulaceae or with Alnus by stream in rich Picea forest or with Alnus glutinosa. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
material examined |
Bas (1974):
FINLAND: Pohjois-Savo,
Lapinlahti, Rasila, 20.viii.1956 O. v.
Schulmann (H); Etalä-Häme,
Tammela, Heinämaa, 5.x.1879 P. A. Karsten
868 (lectotype, H); Tammela, Mustiala,
1.viii.1952 O. v. Schumann (H).
FRANCE:
GIRONDE—Mérignac, ca. Bordeaux,
1.ix.1966 C. Rouzeau s.n. (L, from putative type
locality of A. alnicola).
GERMANY:
BRANDENBURG—Fresdorf, ca. Potsdam,
22.x.1968 D. Benkert s.n. (in herb. Benkert),
10.viii.1970 D. Benkert s.n. (in herb.
Benkert). RHEINLAND—Eifel
Gerolstein, 5.x.1971 F. Tjallingii s.n.
[C. Bas 5730] (L).
NETHERLANDS:
LIMBURG—Nederweert, "Groote Moost," 15.x.1972 J. Frencken & G.-A. de Vries s.n. (in herb. Frencken; L).
SWITZERLAND: GRAUBÜNDEN—Swiss Nat. Pk., Bugliauna et Val Trupchun, Bas (1982): CZECH REPUBLIC: CENTRAL BOHEMIA—Prague, Mnichovice s.d. Velenovsky s.n. (holotype of Amanita sternbergii, PRC). [Note: The collection cannot be dated later than 1920.—ed.] RET: AUSTRIA: Hauswandel, ca. 5 km SSE of Klagenfurth, 7.x.1978 C. Bas 7422 (L; RET 278-3). FRANCE: SAVOIE—le Bourget - en Huile “les Berthollets,” 26.viii.2006 Pierre-Arthur Moreau 06082601 (LIP; RET 395-5, nrITS seq'd.); en Huile-Marais des Bords du Gelon, 26.viii.2006 Pierre-Arthur Moreau 06082602 (LIP; RET 395-10, nrITS seq'd.), 06082603 (LIP: RET 396-1, nrITS seq'd.). GERMANY: BRANDENBURG—ca. Potsdam, Fresdorf, 22.x.1968 D. Benkert s.n. (L; RET 278-4). NORWAY: HEDMARK—Ringsaker, Furnesåsen, Putten [UTMED50 (PN10-11,53-54)], 22.ix.1995 G. Gulden 91/95 (0 58532). OPPLAND—Gjövik komm., Svennesvollene naturreservat [NN 8760 (1816I)], 24.vii.1985 T. E. Brandrud & J. Stordal 24310 (O 58532). ÖSTFOLD—Hvalar, Kirköy, 2.ix.1982 Ö. Weholt 191182 (L; RET 278-2, nrITS seq'd.). [Note: The Austrian material is genetically distinct and will be moved.—ed.] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
discussion |
The entire protolog is as follows: "Hatten fullsatt
med breda, oregelbundna, smutsgrå fjäll; slidan snart
upplöst till fjäll." Material from the intended type locality of A. alnicola (which has no nomenclatural significance) is located in both L and in the herbarium of Soc. Linn. Bordeaux. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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